Despite a large aggregate GDP base, Venezuela’s economy is characterized by modest average growth and extreme dependence on fuel exports and oil rents, highlighting structural vulnerability driven by resource concentration

This project analyzes Venezuela’s long-term economic performance through the lens of resource dependency, focusing on the relationship between oil rents, fuel export dependence, and GDP growth from 1960 to 2024.

Using data from the World Bank World Development Indicators (WDI), the analysis combines SQL, Excel, Power Query, and Power BI to uncover how heavy reliance on oil exports has contributed to economic volatility, structural fragility, and prolonged contraction—particularly after 2014.